A critical examination of advanced approaches in green chemistry: microbial bioremediation strategies for sustainable mitigation of plastic pollution

Abstract

The escalating concern regarding the environmental impact of plastic waste necessitates the adoption of biodegradable methodologies to curtail its adverse effects. A profound comprehension of the intricate interplay between bacteria and polymers becomes imperative for devising effective solutions to address plastic-induced environmental challenges. Numerous microorganisms have evolved specialized mechanisms for the degradation of plastics, rendering them amenable to application in green chemistry for the elimination of hazardous plastics from the ecosystem. This article offers a comprehensive survey of contemporary microbial bioremediation approaches geared towards augmenting plastic waste management and ameliorating plastic pollution. Emphasis is placed on elucidating the potential of microorganisms in mitigating the deleterious repercussions of plastics on ecosystems and human health, underscoring the significance of advanced strategies in green chemistry for sustainable plastic pollution mitigation. Current research emphasizes the effectiveness of naturally occurring soil microorganisms, particularly fungi like Aspergillus and bacteria like Bacillus, in breaking down plastics. To harness this potential on a broader scale, optimization of microbial activity conditions and pre-treatment with environmentally beneficial compounds are essential.