Bio-oil and pyrolytic oil

Abstract

Of several liquid biofuels, this chapter will focus on the discussion for the studies on the utilization of bio-oil, biocrude, and pyrolytic oil in internal combustion engines. Bio-oil and biocrude are the liquid biofuels obtained from lignocellulosic biomass via pyrolysis and liquefaction, respectively. The liquid biofuels produced from the triglyceride-based biomass through pyrolysis are termed as pyrolytic oil for the differentiation with bio-oil. Bio-oil is considered to be inferior fuel for a conventional diesel engine, and upgrading is required. The physico-chemical properties of bio-oil can be improved significantly by introducing the emulsion technology of mixing bio-oil with diesel, biodiesel, and blended bio-oil with methanol, ethanol, and fish oil. The fundamental combustion studies including evaporation can be divided into three groups such as neat bio-oil, emulsion, and blended bio-oil. The overviews of combustion and emission characteristics in the application of bio-oils to transportation fuel are provided. The overviews of spray, combustion, and emission characteristics in the utilization of bio-oils for heat and power generation are also discussed. The physicochemical properties, fundamental combustion studies, and combustion and emission characteristics of pyrolytic oil are also introduced.