Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Ham leaves

Abstract

Phytochemicals with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties have tremendous potential in suppressing both plant and human diseases. Screening and identifying such compounds from diverse plant species is the first step toward realizing they are medicinal. Mobe plant (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Ham.) is a species of Artocarpus from the family Moraceae and contains a lot of phenolics (flavonoids and phenolic acid). Flavonoids, phenolic acids, and phenolic derivatives are phenolic compounds derived from plant flavonoids that can be used as antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant activities, total flavonoid, and total phenolic content of Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Ham leaves. The extract was prepared using ethanol with the reflux method. The antibacterial activity was determined with the minimum inhibitor concentration method. The concentration of 300 mg/mL up to 25 mg/mL can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Cutibacterium acnes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) itself is at the smallest concentration that has been able to inhibit bacterial growth. The number of bacteria is < 10 colonies. The antioxidant activity was determined with the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Total flavonoid and total phenolic contents were determined with colourimetric methods. Antioxidant activity from the DPPH assay measured as IC50 value was 22.83±0.56 µg/mL. The extract contained high levels of total phenolic (300.77±4.56 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid (15.56±0.32 mg QE/g). The results revealed that ethanol extract of Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Ham leaves has antibacterial and antioxidant potential.