Oxidative stress in unexplained male infertility

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to clarify the concept of unexplained male infertility (UMI). In this chapter we will discuss the difference between UMI and idiopathic infertility, the components of an infertility workup, and the parameters addressed in a routine semen analysis necessary to diagnose unexplained infertility. Furthermore, it elaborates upon the various etiologies suggested to play a role in UMI, such as coital problems, physical aberrations within the male reproductive system, compromised genetic integrity, immunologic dysfunction, and fertilization defects. Most importantly, this chapter emphasizes the implications of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of unexplained infertility as well as how these oxidative stress-induced changes can be measured. Treatment options for those with UMI are also discussed.