High reproducibility of serum anti-Müllerian hormone measurements suggests a multi-staged follicular secretion and strengthens its role in the assessment of ovarian follicular status

Abstract

Background: Our aim was to compare the intercycle reproducibility of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) measurements with that of other markers of ovarian follicular status. Methods: Forty-seven normoovulatory, infertile women underwent serum AMH, inhibin B, estradiol and FSH measurements and early antral follicle (2-12mm in diameter) counts by transvaginal ultrasound on cycle day 3 during three consecutive menstrual cycles. Reproducibility of measurements was estimated using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) calculation. We also assessed the number of replicate measurements theoretically needed to reach satisfactory reliability of results. Results: Serum AMH showed significantly higher reproducibility (ICC, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.94) than inhibin B (0.76; 0.66-0.86; P < 0.03), estradiol (0.22; 0.03-0.41; P < 0.0001) and FSH levels (0.55; 0.39-0.71; P < 0.01), and early antral follicle counts (0.73; 0.62-0.84; P < 0.001), and reached satisfactory reliability with a single measurement. Conclusions: The improved cycle-to-cycle consistency of AMH as compared with other markers of ovarian follicular status is in keeping with its peculiar production by follicles at several developmental stages and further supports its role as a cost-effective, reliable marker of ovarian fertility potential. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved.