Strong Law of Large Numbers and Monte Carlo Methods

Abstract

The principles of Monte Carlo methods based on the Strong Law of Large Numbers (SLLN) are detailed. A number of examples are described, some of which correspond to concrete problems in important application fields. This is followed by the discussion and description of various algorithms of simulation, first for uniform random variables, then using these for general random variables. Eventually, the more advanced topic of martingale theory is introduced, and the SLLN is proved using a backward martingale technique and the Kolmogorov zero-one law.