Development of the soft tissue with gingival grafting

Abstract

The aesthetic success of implant-supported restorations on anterior teeth is largely influenced by the surrounding soft tissue. In considering soft tissue aesthetics, several criteria may be evaluated: gingival volume, contour, color, and consistency. The ideal soft tissue qualities around implants are the same expectations as the soft tissue around natural teeth. As with natural teeth, the gingiva should be dense and firm. The color is often described as "coral pink." The contour is ideally knife edged with a gingival scallop that is consistent with the adjacent teeth. In order to establish these soft tissue goals, several treatment options are available. Commonly, soft tissue grafting is considered. A summary of various grafting sources, surgical design, and timing of procedures is reviewed.