New approaches to creation of low-temperature compositions for prevention of coal congealing

Abstract

Kuzbass increases production and transportation of black coal. During the winter period there is congealing of coal mass and its freezing to the walls and the bottom of rail cars and dump trucks. Preventive liquids forming the low-freezing membranes used to be the main means of control. New ideas of hydrogen bond (A.A. Grishayev) in water responsible for converging of water into ice and congealing of loads which are based on dynamic balance of long and short H-bond, allow to consider ice, water, and water solutions as dynamic systems with lifetime of 10-5-10-12 seconds. In such systems the power centers of crystallization and structural waves due to long H-bonds, heteroatoms and other active particles are created. Blocking or destruction of such centers interrupts formation of ice or makes it inhomogeneous and fragile. This is affected by the introduction of alkyl, alkoxy, or acetyl radicals, Clanion, and the use of mixes of chemical compounds. The example of a technical mix which forms a basis for creation of a preventive for the coal, walls and the bottom of rail cars is caprolactam production waste - the alkaline concentrate of caprolactam production (ACCP) on STO 05761637-003-2012 with a freezing temperature minus 37??. Surfactants allow to regulate wetting, spreading and other indicators of a reagent.