Biomechanical analysis of the knee joint during deep knee bends with heavy load

Abstract

The knee joint, the largest and most complex synovial joint in the human body, is an anatomical region subject to injuries from activities in various fields including athletics, industry, and recreation. Because this joint is between the longest bones in the body, the femur and the tibia, the forces and moments of force around this joint produce torques of such magnitude that injuries ensue. In athletics, various injuries may occur by overloading the knee joint (Nicholas, 1970; Peterson, 1970). In several studies (Kennedy and Fowler, 1971; Marshall and Olsson, 1971; Newman, 1969; Slocum and Larson, 1968), it was found that the instability of the knee joint was the result of the application of excessive external rotation and abduction forces to a flexed, weight-bearing knee.