Enuresis

Abstract

Nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting is among the most prevalent chronic diseases in childhood and also represents one of the most feared conditions among children and adolescents due to the associated myths and negative stigmatization. The aim of this chapter is to provide an updated review of current knowledge on nocturnal enuresis spanning from definitions and epidemiology through new scientific studies on pathogenesis and genetics to internationally accepted protocols for evaluation and treatment. Wherever possible, reference will be made to evidence-based findings and recommendations bearing in mind that low level of evidence is not uncommon in this pediatric field. This chapter complements the data presented in the chapter on bladder disorders (Chap. 58, “Bladder Disorders”).