Detection of Efflux Pumps Gene and Relation with Antibiotics Resistance in Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli (UPEC) Isolated from Patients with Cystitis

Abstract

In recent years, the multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli has increased in urinary tract infections (UTIs). One of the highly distributed chromosomally encoded traits of resistance is efflux pump. The study intended to investigate the most common members of 5 classes of efflux pumps among uropathogenic E. coil isolates. E. coli is confirmed by green metallic sheen on eosin methylene blue and by PCR using primer for uidA gene. Using disc diffusion method, an antibiotic susceptibility test was peformed against 25 antibiotics. Efflux pump genes were examined via polymerase chain reaction. Biofilm formation was investigated by a 96 well polystyrene microtiter plate. All 50 isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, ceftazidime and cefotaxime, while all isolates were sensitive to imipenem. 19 (38%) E. coli isolates were non-MDR while 31 (62%) were MDR. The frequency rates of different efflux pump genes ranged from 66% to 100%. The biofilm formation results indicated that 98% of isolates were biofilm former while 2% were non-biofilm. The current study concludes that all efflux pumps may be highly associated with resistance to amoxicillin, cefotaxime and ceftazidime. Additionally, biofilm formation was found to be highly related to the presence of efflux pumps genes.