Covid-19 vaccine candidates-current status

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus belongs to the RNA group of viruses. Coronaviruses, first discovered in domestic poultry in the 1930s, is known to infect mostly the birds and mammals. A few strains can cause mild infection in the upper respiratory tract, like the common cold, but also more serious lower respiratory tract infections including pneumonia primarily in infants, older people, and the immunocompromised. This caused an impact on the current issue of the outbreak of COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccine is a theoretical vaccine against coronavirus 2019. Scientists are seriously working to produce effective vaccines that are under clinical trial. The outbreak of novel coronavirus caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly around the globe. Considering the potential threat of a pandemic, scientists, and physicians have been trying to develop a vaccine to eradicate the virus. Aim: The main aim of the review is to establish the current scenario on the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. Materials and Method: Around 50 articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, etc. were collected using keywords, analyzed, and review has been written. Conclusion: There is an increasing urge in the production of a vaccine for COVID infection. Many countries like the US, Rus-sia, Australia, India, and other countries have successfully completed Phase-I and Phase-II trials and entered the human trail. In India, the vaccine produced by the Serum Institute of India the “Covi shield” and the one produced Bharat Biotech Ltd., the “Covaxin” have successfully entered the human trail. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has said that it was up to the vaccine developers to make the application for emergency use authorization, and if the application was found to be “appropriate”, it may consider granting approval.