Equivalent circuit representation of electromechanical transducers: I. Lumped-parameter systems

Abstract

Lumped-parameter electromechanical transducers are examined theoreticallywith special regard to their dynamic electromechanical behaviourand equivalent circuits used to represent them. The circuits aredeveloped starting from basic electromechanical transduction principlesand the electrical and mechanical equations of equilibrium. Withinthe limits of the assumptions on boundary conditions, the theorypresented is exact with no restrictions other than linearity. Elementaryelectrostatic, electromagnetic, and electrodynamic transducers areused to illustrate the basic theory. Exemplary devices include electro-acousticreceivers (e.g., a microphone) and actuators (e.g., a loudspeaker),electromechanical filters, vibration sensors, devices employingfeedback, and force and displacement sensors. This paper forms partI of a set of two papers. Part II extends the theory and deals withdistributed-parameter systems.