Antihyperlipidemic effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized from ventilago maderaspatana leaf extract on streptozotocin-induced albino rats

Abstract

An abnormally high presence of lipid in human blood is a prelude for the emergence of cardiovascular complications. In this study, effort was made to elucidate the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced through the help of Ventilago maderaspatana on the hyperlipidemic conditions in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Wistar rats. AgNPs were synthesized biologically using ethyl acetate leaf extract of V. maderaspatana. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed when the color of the solution turned dark brown following the addition of V. maderaspatana ethyl acetate leaf extract. To confirm further, UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis was conducted which gave a peak at 430 nm. The results obtained from the FT-IR studies shows that the compounds in the plant extract may have influenced the formation of AgNPs. The result obtained from further characterization showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were spherical and ranged between 10-50 nm. The XRD study indicates crystal nature of the particles with the size of 50 nm. After the injection of STZ, the lipid profiles were altered abnormally. This can be found in group II rats (hyperlipidemic control) which had the highest level of serum total cholesterol (189.1 ± 0.80 mg/dL), triglyceride (177.9 ± 0.88 mg/dL), VLDL-c (42.5 ± 1.80 mg/dL), and LDL-c (55.2 ± 3.83 mg/dL) with the exception of HDL-c which was found low (10.4 ± 1.04 mg/dL). However, hyperlipidemic groups treated with AgNPs recorded low levels of cholesterols. Based on this, it can be concluded that biosynthesized AgNPs could be helpful in lowering cholesterol level.