Investigation of the take-off technique in the triple jump

Abstract

The authors dealing with the technique of triple jump, including Gundlach (1961), Hoffmann (1966), Nett (1964), Starzyriski {1969), and Wierchoszari-ski (1963), were interested mainly in the proportions of the distance of the particular steps and kinematic parameters of the takeoff. The aim of this study was the analysis of the course of the performance of the particular steps, of the deviation from the approaching axis of the triple jump, and of interrelations between these deviations and other features of the movement. This chapter also contains some data characterizing the technique of the triple jump performed by Polish top-class athletes. METHOD Seventeen triple jumps, as performed by eight Polish athletes, were studied. The jumps, which ranged from 15.05 to 16.16 m, constituted 90-96 percent of the best performances of the competitors. All jumps were filmed simultaneously with two cameras at 64 frames per sec. One of them was set up perpendicularly to the direction of movement and the other filmed the movement from,the front. RESULTS The distance of the particular steps varies and is measured from the marks, toe, toe, and heel (Hoffmann, 1966). The greatest percentage of the total distance jumped was achieved in the first step (Figure I). In the light of the investigation by Wierchoszariski (1963), the proportions achieved by the jumpers under analysis are optimal R. C. Nelson et al. (eds.), Biomechanics IV