Individual variation in rod absorbance spectra correlated with opsin gene polymorphism in sand goby (pomatoschistus minutus)

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Abstract

Rod absorbance spectra, characterized by the wavelength of peak absorbance (λmax) were related to the rod opsin sequences of individual sand gobies (Pomatoschistus minutus) from four allopatric populations [Adriatic Sea (A), English Channel (E), Swedish West Coast (S) and Baltic Sea (B)]. Rod λmax differed between populations in a manner correlated with differences in the spectral light transmission of the respective water bodies [λmax: (A)«503nm; (E and S)«505-506nm; (B)«508nm]. A distinguishing feature of B was the wide within-population variation of λmax (505.6-511.3 nm). The rod opsin gene was sequenced in marked individuals whose rod absorbance spectra had been accurately measured. Substitutions were identified using EMBL/GenBank X62405 English sand goby sequence as reference and interpreted using two related rod pigments, the spectrally similar one of the Adriatic P. marmoratus (λmax= 507 nm) and the relatively red-shifted Baltic P. microps (λ max=515 nm) as outgroups. The opsin sequence of all E individuals was identical to that of the reference, whereas the S and B fish all had the substitution N151N/T or N151T. The B fish showed systematic within-population polymorphism, the sequence of individuals with λmax at 505.6-507.5 nm were identical to S, but those with λmax at 509-511.3 nm additionally had F261F/Y. The substitution F261Y is known to red-shift the rod pigment and was found in all P. microps. We propose that ambiguous selection pressures in the Baltic Sea and/or gene flow from the North Sea preserves polymorphism and is phenotypically evident as a wide variation in λmax.

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APA

Jokela-Määttä, M., Vartio, A., Paulin, L., & Donner, K. (2009). Individual variation in rod absorbance spectra correlated with opsin gene polymorphism in sand goby (pomatoschistus minutus). Journal of Experimental Biology, 212(21), 3415–3421. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.031344

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