Scientific justification of power efficiency of technological process of crushing of forages

Abstract

The main consumers of feed grain include industries such as livestock, pig and poultry. For the organization of proper feeding of animals and poultry, the rational use of concentrated feeds, the main component of which are grain and leguminous crops, providing about 50% of protein, is important. Currently, the share of concentrated feed in the total feed balance is more than a third. The efficiency of using feed grain without prior preparation is markedly reduced. The quality of the crushed feed in its granulometric composition exceeds the quality of the feed crushed by any hammer mill, due to the increase in the content of the easily digestible animal and bird fraction and the reduction of the dust fraction, which has a negative effect on the animal's body. One of the main ways to prepare grain feed for feeding is grinding. During grinding, conditioning, crushing and other operations, the hard shell is destroyed, the availability of nutrients to the action of digestive juices increases, digestibility is accelerated, and more complete absorption of feed energy occurs. Grinding is the most energy-intensive and time-consuming operation, occupying more than half of the total labour costs in the preparation of animal feed. The article provides the scientific rationale for the energy efficiency of the feed grinding process.