Mechanics of Underwater Noise

Abstract

Mechanics of Underwater Noise elucidates the basic mechanisms by which noise is generated, transmitted by structures and radiated into the sea. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with a description of noise, decibels and levels, significance of spectra, and passive sonar equation. Subsequent chapters discuss sound waves in liquids; acoustic radiation fundamentals; wind-generated ocean ambient noise; vibration isolation and structural damping; and radiation by plate flexural vibrations. Other chapters address cavitation, propeller cavitation noise, radiation by fluctuating-force (dipo. Front Cover; Mechanics of Underwater Noise; Copyright Page; Dedication; Table of Contents; Preface; CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION; 1.1 Noise: Unwanted Sound; 1.2 Decibels and Levels; 1.3 Significance of Spectra; 1.4 Passive Sonar Equation; 1.5 Some Mathematics; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 2. SOUND WAVES IN LIQUIDS; 2.1 Description of Waves; 2.2 Wave Equation for Sound in Fluids; 2.3 Plane Sound Waves; 2.4 Spherical Waves; 2.5 Transmission at Media Interfaces; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 3. ACOUSTIC RADIATION FUNDAMENTALS; 3.1 General Characterization of Noise Sources; 3.2 General Equation for Sound Generation. 3.3 General Spherical Sources3.4 Hydrodynamic Sources; 3.5 Sources in Motion; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 4. RADIATION BY FLUCTUATING-VOLUME (MONOPOLE) SOURCES; 4.1 Uniformly Pulsating Spherical Source; 4.2 Monopole Radiation; 4.3 Sounds from Gas Bubbles in Liquids; 4.4 Sounds from Splashes; 4. 5 Radiation by Two Equal Monopoles; 4.6 Near-Surface Sources; 4.7 Linear Arrays; 4.8 Radiation from Rigid Pistons; 4.9 Radiation from Hull Openings; 4.10 Radiation from Arbitrary Bodies; 4.11 Radiation from Hulls; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 5. STRUCTURAL VIBRATIONS; 5.1 Structure-Borne Sound. 5.2 Wave Motions in Solids5.3 Beam Bending Equations; 5.4 Speed of Flexural Waves; 5.5 Flexural Resonances; 5.6 Non-Uniform Beams; 5.7 Forced Vibrations of Non-Resonant Structures; 5.8 Forced Vibrations of Resonant Structures; 5.9 Attenuation of Structural Vibrations; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 6. RADIATION BY PLATE FLEXURAL VIBRATIONS; 6.1 Plate Flexural Vibrations; 6.2 Fluid Loading; 6.3 Point-Excited Infinite Plates; 6.4 Radiation from Finite Plates; 6.5 Transmission through Structures; 6.6 Boundary-Layer Flow Noise; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 7. CAVITATION; 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Tensile Strength of Liquids7.3 Single Bubble Growth and Collapse; 7.4 Single Bubble Cavitation Noise; 7.5 Broadband Cavitation Noise; 7.6 Other Effects of Cavitation; 7.7 Hydrodynamically-Produced Cavitation; 7.8 Hydrofoil Cavitation; 7.9 Hydraulic Cavitation; 7.10 Underwater Explosions; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 8. PROPELLER CAVITATION NOISE; 8.1 Types of Propeller Cavitation; 8.2 Blade-Surface Cavitation Noise; 8.3 Propellers in Uniform Inflows; 8.4 Wake-Operating Propellers; 8.5 Submarine Propeller Cavitation; 8.6 Surface Ship Radiated Noise; REFERENCES. CHAPTER 9. RADIATION BY FLUCTUATING-FORCE (DIPOLE) SOURCES9.1 Dipole Sound Sources; 9.2 Propeller Blade Tonals; 9.3 Vortex Shedding Sounds; 9.4 Noise from Fans and Blowers; 9.5 Propeller Singing; 9.6 Flow-Excited Cavity Resonances; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 10. MECHANICAL NOISE SOURCES; 10.1 Mechanical Unbalances; 10.2 Electromagnetic Force Fluctuations; 10.3 Impact Sounds; 10.4 Piston-Slap Noise in Reciprocating Machinery; 10.5 Bearing Noise; REFERENCES; APPENDIX A: NOMENCLATURE; A.1 General Nomenclature; A.2 Nomenclature by Chapter; Α.3 Abbreviations Used in References.