Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent implantation vs. coronary artery bypass grafting for multivessel coronary artery disease in metabolic syndrome patients with acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been the treatment of choice for management of multivessel coronary artery disease, but percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) is increasingly being preferred. The aim of the present study was to compare outcomes of PCI with DES implantation (PCI-DES) and CABG for treating multivessel disease in metabolic syndrome patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and Results: A total of 1,839 consecutive metabolic syndrome patients with AMI who underwent PCI-DES (n=1,715) and CABG (n=124) for treatment of multivessel disease were selected from Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry from November 2005 through December 2006. Primary endpoint was 12-month all-cause mortality. The mortality rate at 12 months was significantly lower in the PCI-DES group (4.8% vs. 12.2% in CABG, P=0.014) on univariate analysis. According to a Cox model, 12-month mortality was similar between the 2 groups (P=0.603), which remained the same despite propensity score adjustment (P=0.485). Rate of repeat revascularization was significantly higher in the PCI-DES group compared to the CABG group (P<0.001). At 12 months, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event (MACCE)-free survival was higher in ST-elevation MI (STEMI) patients in the CABG group. Conclusions: PCI-DES had an equivalent 12-month mortality risk to CABG for the treatment of multivessel disease in metabolic syndrome patients with AMI. CABG is more favorable for STEMI patients in terms of MACCE.