Cellular Pathology Technique

Abstract

This chapter discusses the exfoliative cytology which is the study of superficial cells that have been exfoliated or shed from mucus membranes, renal tubules, serous membranes, etc. Cells may also be obtained by scraping or washing mucosal surfaces, for example, cervix or endometrium. Serous fluids are obtained from pleural and peritoneal cavities or less commonly from the pericardial sac, and are usually sent to the laboratory for the identification of malignant cells. Sputum specimens are usually submitted for the identification of malignant cells, but may require examination for asthmatic stigmata or organisms such as Pneumocystis carinii. Cytological preparations may be made from cerebrospinal fluid in three ways of sedimentation, membrane filtration, or centrifugation. Joint fluids should always be examined for crystals in addition to normal examination for assessment of the cell population.