Eco-cement production with alternative resources: Recycling solution for shells ashes, organic husk ashes, organic waste ashes, and industrial sludge waste

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the ratio of samples A, B, C, and D containing the combination from shells ashes, rice husk ashes, organic waste ashes, Lapindo mud, and industrial sludge waste as the chosen ecocement according to the closest value of compressive strength to SNI 15 2049 2004 on Portland Cement. Semen Gresik type OPC was used for blank sample. Data analysis was divided into two parts. Raw material analysis was done to determine CaO contained in shells ashes and SiO2 and Al2O3 contained in rice husk ashes, organic waste ashes, Lapindo mud, and industrial sludge waste using AAS. Product analysis was done to determine the powder density and compressive strength value in 3 days cubical mortar sample with the length of each side of 50 mm. The result of CaO contained in shell ashes was 81.57%. The highest, SiO2 and Al2O3, were 68.06% in rice husk ashes and 39.01% in industrial sludge waste. Sample A was chosen as ecocement according to the density and compressive strength values of 2.2 g/mL and 28.20 kg/cm2, respectively. Based on SNI 15 2049 2004 on Portland Cement, the compressive strength of Sample A complies with the compressive strength of Portland Cement type IV.