Protein hydrolyzed from byproducts of the fishery industry: Obtaining and functionality

Abstract

Introduction. By-products from the fishing industry represent more than 50% of the raw material and are usually used to generate low value-added products. However, these by-products present components with high commercial value such as omega-3 rich oils, proteins of high nutritional value, collagen, enzymes, and bioactive peptides. Objective. To present the current state of research on the functionality and the process of obtaining protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides of fishing origin. Development. This work was carried out in Costa Rica between January 2017 and September 2019, it describes the generation and use of by-products from the fishing industry, the process of obtaining hydrolysates and peptides, from the preliminary stages to their fractionation and purification, ends with the applications and functional properties of these compounds such as their nutritional value, water retention, emulsifying, and foaming capacity, and their antioxidant and antihypertensive activity. Conclusion. Protein hydrolysates and peptides of fishing origin are a good source for the production of new ingredients with applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry, especially due to their antioxidant and antihypertensive activity, properties that depend on the fractionation and purification of bioactive peptides, which is why the technologies that allow these processes must be developed and optimized to be carried out at an industrial level and at an adequate cost.