The Teaching of Listening Strategies in ESL Classrooms

Abstract

Listening skill is often overlooked by its sister skill, speaking. To develop a deeper understanding of the teaching of listening strategies in ESL classrooms, this paper presents a systematic review of past-related studies of the same focus area from the year 2004 to 2016. This paper aims to address two research questions; i) what listening models/strategies are utilised in ESL classroom and ii) what interventions are used to inculcate listening strategies taught in ESL classrooms. Results indicate that three listening strategies are often exploited; bottom-up processing, top-down processing and interactive processing. The findings of past- related studies illuminate that interactive processing is better in serving the purpose of improving listening comprehension skill holistically.