Gum Arabic Role in High Blood Pressure among Patients with Stage III Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Gum arabic acacia is a complex, loose aggregate of Gum arabic and hemicelluloses composed of arabic acid nucleus, it is found in nature and exists as a natural or slightly acidic calcium, magnesium, potassium or sodium salt of complex polysaccharide and the different metal ions present in gum arabic molecules. Chemically, it is an arabinose Gum arabic lactan protein complex composed by weight of 17-34% arabinose, 32-50% Gum arabiclactose, 11-16% rhamnose, 13-19% glucuronic acid and 1.8-2.5% protein. Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease that affects heart, brain, and hence damages blood vessels in the kidney, which leads to incidence of renal failure. So optimization of the blood pressure is beneficial for the kidney functions. This study is designed to determine the hypertension in kidney disease patients, which affect Gum arabictively direct on the kidney functions, and to evaluate the changes occurred in the Blood pressure in relation to gum arabic since it is rationally used in Sudan. It is a Randomized control trial study, performed using (24) volunteers with different blood pressure readings and different kidneys function with six months past history. Dose of 10, 15, 20, 25 grams of gum dissolved in 250ml drinking water had been taken at the morning and were used for duration of 16-18 weeks with interval every four weeks, the blood pressure recorded for first as a control and pre-post every interval. The result showed systolic pressure of (146.43+/-28.18 before, 120.36+/-11.51 after) with P-value of 0.004 while the diastolic was (80.00+/-27.74 before, and 75.36+/-7.96 after), with P-value of 0.552, which showed biological rearrangement optimized referenced readings, both systolic and diastolic. Mean While the serum sodium level at that dose showed significant decrease (137.86 +/-2.54 before, 135.00 +/-2.04 after) , with P-value of 0.003. It was concluded that there is a significant correlation between gum acacia and lowering of elevated systolic bp as well as positive correlation with serum sodium. On the other hand the correlation with diastolic blood pressure was not statistically significant.