Multicultural Race Relations, French Republican Integration, Civic Integration, and Education as National Security

Abstract

James and Janmaat analyse the policy developments outlined in Chapters 3 and 4 in relation to the indicators set out in Chapter 2. They find both the British multicultural and the French republican `philosophies' to be significant in framing the policy debate, even as key concepts of these philosophies have been contested. They also find evidence of convergence towards a civic integration approach. A key point of convergence is that governments in both countries have sought to use the education system as an instrument in the fight against terrorism. In both cases, these policies involve promoting liberal-democratic values to build young people's resilience to radicalisation and training professionals in identifying and reporting those deemed to be at risk of radicalisation.