A hoatzin fossil from the middle Miocene of Kenya documents the past occurrence of modern-type Opisthocomiformes in Africa

  • Mayr G
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Abstract

BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne's Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. ABSTRACT The fossil bird Namibiavis senutae from the early Miocene of Namibia was recently identified as an African stem-group representative of Opisthocomiformes (hoatzins). The species is known only from two wing and pectoral girdle bones, however, and the extent to which African Opisthocomiformes resembled their Neotropical relatives in skeletal morphology has remained elusive. I report a hoatzin tarsometatarsus from the middle Miocene of Maboko Island in Kenya, which, except for a peculiar autapomorphic fusion of the first metatarsal, closely matches the tarsometatarsus of the extant Opisthocomus hoazin. Although a well-founded classification on the species level is not possible, the new fossil documents the existence of essentially modern-type Opisthocomiformes in the Miocene of Africa. Being 2–2.5 Ma younger than N. senutae, the specimen further extends the temporal and spatial range of Miocene African Opisthocomiformes. osil de un hoatzín del Mioceno medio de Kenia documenta la previa presencia de un Opisthocomi-formes de tipo moderno en Africa RESUMEN El ave osil Namibiavis senutae del Mioceno temprano de Namibia fue identificado recientemente como un representante del grupo raíz africano de los Opisthocomiformes (hoatzines). Sin embargo, la especie olo se conoce de dos huesos del ala y la faja pectoral, y se ha desconocido hasta que punto los Opisthocomiformes africanos se parecen a sus parientes neotropicales en cuanto a morfología esqueí etica. Aqui reportamos un tarsometatarso de Opisthocomiformes del Mioceno medio de la Isla Maboko en Kenia, el cual, con la excepcí on de una peculiar fusí on autapo orfica del primer metatarsiano, es muy similar al tarsometatarso del existente Opisthocomus hoazin. Aunque una clasificací on bien fundamentada al nivel de especie no es possible, el nuevo osil documenta la existencia de un Opisthocomiformes fundamentalmente de tipo moderno en el Mioceno de Africa. Siendo 2–2.5 millones de ã nos más joven que N. senutae, el es ecimen extiende el rango temporal y espacial de Opisthocomiformes del Mioceno africano.

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Mayr, G. (2014). A hoatzin fossil from the middle Miocene of Kenya documents the past occurrence of modern-type Opisthocomiformes in Africa. The Auk, 131(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-13-134.1

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