Importance of Evaluative Reading for the Development of Critical Thinking

  • Mineshima M
  • Imai R
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Abstract

Critical thinking is widely recognized as important in Japanese education including English teaching, as is stipulated, for instance, in MEXT’s Course of Study. However, there is no clear indication that students are successfully learning this generic higher-order thinking skill in secondary- or tertiary-level education. One way to enhance critical thinking is Level 3 reading instruction. This paper shows how Level 3, or evaluative, reading instruction in EFL classrooms can foster learners’ critical reading and by extension critical thinking skills. The other two levels of reading are factual (Level 1) and interpretive/inferential (Level 2). By comparing two different versions of an interpretation of the same text, one using Level 2 reading and the other using Level 3 reading, the authors demonstrate the crucial importance of Level 3 evaluative reading for the development of learners’ critical reading skills. 日本の教育における批判的思考力の重要性は,文科省の学習指導要領の規定にみられるように,広く認められている。しかし,この汎用的高次思考力が高等教育や大学教育において十分に習得されているようには思われない。批判的思考力を伸ばす一つの方法がレベル3の読みである。本稿は,英語の授業においてレベル3の読み,すなわち評価読みの指導が学習者の批判的読みを,ひいては批判的思考力を伸ばす可能性について論じる。他の二つの読みは,レベル1の事実読みとレベル2の解釈・推論読みである。同一テキストをレベル2とレベル3の2つの読みで解釈し,両者の違いを比較することで,レベル3の読みが学習者の批判的読みの技能の伸長にいかに重要であるかを論証する。

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Mineshima, M., & Imai, R. (2019). Importance of Evaluative Reading for the Development of Critical Thinking. JALT Postconference Publication, 2018(1), 344. https://doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2018-46

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