Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3′A and CCR2-64I alleles) in the Polish population

Abstract

Chemokine receptors (CCR2 and CXCR4) are used as coreceptors for entry of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into the target cells. Mutations in CCR2 (CCR2-64I) and stromal-derived factor SDF1 (SDF1-3′A), the primary ligand for CXCR4, exhibited a protective effect against the onset of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The frequency of the SDF1-3′A and CCR2-64I alleles were determined in blood donors from 16 provinces, covering the entire territory of Poland. Of 1063 individuals, 274 (25.8%) were carriers of the SDF1-3′A allele; 36 of them (3.4%) were homozygotes (SDF-3′A/A) while 238 (22.4%) were heterozygotes (SDF-3′G/A), resulting in a 14.6% frequency of the SDF1-3′A allele. Moreover, in the same group of individuals, 234 (22.0%) carried the CCR2-641 allele; 6 of them (0.6%) were homozygotes (CCR2-64I/I), and 228 (21.4%) were heterozygotes (CCR2-64V/I), resulting in an 11.3% frequency of the CCR2-64I allele. The highest frequencies of the SDF1-3′A allele were found in the northeastern provinces and in one of the western provinces of Poland. In contrast, allelic frequencies of CCR2-64I varied slightly among different provinces. The different pattern of prevalence of the SDF1-3′A and CCR2-64I alleles in Poland might suggest that the CCR2-64I allele was spread much earlier than the SDF1-3′A allele in the population of Poland.