The Effect Of Health Education On Hb Levels And Intake Of Iron, Protein And Vitamin C Among Adolescent Girls

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penyuluhan gizi dengan bantuan media edukasi diharapkan dapat membantu remaja putri untuk memahami dan sadar akan manfaat dan pentingnya mengkonsumsi tablet tambah darah (TTD) sehingga memiliki dampak positif pada peningkatan kadar hemoglobin (Hb).Tujuan: untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Health Education terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan asupan zat besi, protein dan vitamin C pada remaja putri.Metode: menggunakan Quasi Eksperimen di MTs DDI Patobong sebagai kelompok intervensi dan MTs Muhammadiyah Punnia sebagai kelompok kontrol. Diperoleh sampel 44 orang masing-masing kelompok dengan menggunakan Purposive Sampling (pemberian intervensi Health Education dengan metode penyuluhan dan TTD selama 3 bulan, sampel diberikan TTD 1x sepekan). Analisis data menggunakan Uji Chi Square, Uji Paired Sampel T Test dan Independent Sampel T Test.Hasil: rata-rata sampel berusia 13 tahun, berat badan 30-40 kg, tinggi badan 146-150 cm dan IMT 17-25. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata perubahan kadar HB pada kelompok intervensi (1,63±134) dan kelompok kontrol 0,89±503) dan signifikan pada masing-masing kelompok (p value=0,000 ≤0,05). Ada perbedaan perubahan kadar Hb antara kelompok (p value=0,037 ≤0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan zat gizi Fe, Protein dan Vitamin C baik pada kelompok intervensi maupun kontrol (p value = ≤0,05). Ada perbedaan signifikan terhadap perubahan Fe (p value=0,045), Protein (p value=0,040), dan Vitamin C (p value=0,023) antara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Remaja putri menunjukkan sikap patuh mengkomsumsi TTD dengan tingkat kepatuhan (95.5%) pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (90,9%).Kesimpulan: terdapat pengaruh signifikan pemberian Health Education terhadap kadar HB, kepatuhan minum TTD dan zat gizi pada remaja putri.Saran: Edukasi gizi dapat diaplikasikan pada remaja putri dan penggunaan booklet dapat berikan dalam menunjang proses edukasi untuk penanganan anemia pada remaja putri dan edukasi gizi harus didukung oleh pihak sekolah untuk meningkatkan program pemberian tablet Fe pada remaja setiap 1 kali sepekan dan pihak keluarga terkait penyusunan menu tinggi zat besi, protein dan vitamin C pada remaja putri untuk mengurangi kejadian anemia. Kata Kunci : Asupan Zat Besi, Health Education, Kadar Hb, Protein Dan Vitamin C, Remaja Putri. ABSTRACT Background : Nutrition counseling with the help of educational media is expected to help adolescent girls understand and be aware of the benefits and importance of taking iron tablets (TTD) so that they have a positive impact on increasing hemoglobin (Hb) levels.Objective: wdetermine the effect of health education on hemoglobin levels and intake of iron, protein, and vitamin C in adolescents.Methods: used quasi-experiments at MTs DDI Patobong as the intervention group and MTs Muhammadiyah Punnia as the control group. A sample of 44 people from each group was obtained using purposeful sampling (provision of health education interventions with the counseling method and TTD for 3 months; samples were given TTD once a week). Data analysis used the Chi Square Test, Paired Sample T Test, and Independent Sample T Test.Results: the average age of the sample is 13 years, the weight is 30–40 kg, the height is 146–150 cm, and the BMI is 17–25. The results showed that the average change in HB levels in the intervention group (1.63 ± 134) and the control group was 0.89 ± 503 and was significant in each group (p value = 0.000 <0.05). There was a difference in changes in Hb levels between groups (p value = 0.037<0.05). The results showed that there were changes in the nutrients Fe, protein, and vitamin C in both the intervention and control groups (p value < 0.05). There were significant differences in changes in Fe (p value = 0.045), protein (p value = 0.040), and vitamin C (p value = 0.023) between the intervention and control groups. Adolescent girls showed adherence to taking iron supplements, with a level of adherence of 95.5% in the intervention group and 90.9% in the control group. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of providing health education on HB levels, adherence to taking iron tablets, and nutrition in adolescent girls.Suggestion: Nutrition education can be applied to adolescent girls and the use of booklets can be provided in supporting the education process for the management of anemia in adolescent girls and nutrition education must be supported by the school to increase the program of giving Fe tablets to adolescents every 1 time a week and the  family related to the preparation of a menu high in iron, protein and vitamin C in adolescent girls to reduce the incidence of anemia  Keyword : Adolescent Girls. Hb Levels, Protein And Vitamin C, Health Education, Iron Intake