Abortamento de repetição

Abstract

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a heterogeneous condition that encompasses a mixed cohort of women with different reproductive histories and a wide range of conditions. It is a highly frustrating obstetric complication that can cause considerable emotional distress in couples, often leading to a variety of other illnesses, both mental and physical. Most often, RPL is caused by genetic abnormalities in the embryo; nonetheless, chromosomal translocations, endocrine or metabolic disorders, autoimmune disorders, and anatomic anomalies in the uterus are considered the most likely parental associated causes of RPL. Although the exact incidence of RPL has never been reliably determined, most investigators would agree that the overall incidence of RPL (two or more pregnancy losses) is approximately 3%. Overall, there are still discrepancies in the literature regarding appropriate screening and care to pregnant women with a history of RPL. However, new technologies have been developed with less invasive tests that track anomalies at increasingly earlier stages in order to increase the number of successful pregnancies. With greater understanding of the genetic phenomena involved in pregnancy and its relation to obstetric diseases, there will certainly be advances in reproductive medicine, being up to physicians to ensure that these interventions will be used in a responsible, fair and ethical manner. This review aims to discuss the main causes of RPL in clinical practice, an understanding of which is essential for the promotion of comprehensive women's health care. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]