Ethnopolitical Conflict in Turkey: From the Denial of Kurds to Peaceful Co-existence?

Abstract

In this chapter the author describes the Kurds as a heterogeneous minority group with shared cultural identity, yet differing religions and languages. This group is estimated to comprise 15-20% of the current population of Turkey. Conflict traces back to the Ottoman Empire, but takes a more ethnic character after the formation of the Turkish state, reaching a peak after 1984. The continuing conflicts, resolution attempts, and suggestions for a peaceful future are outlined. Significant acts of rebellion over the last hundred years of conflict are delineated along with the underlying causal factors including nationalism, attempts to homogenize, and resettlement activities. The evolution of various legal and illegal groups which helped mobilize the Kurds in the struggle for equality and recognition are discussed. The author recognizes that while some progress was made through these efforts, there were also many negative outcomes such as human rights abuses, banning of Kurdish language in public, and forced migration. The author notes that significant positive changes began to occur as Turkey prepared to harmonize with the EU. Emphasis is given to a continuing cycle of increased hope for the Kurds through state treaties and initiatives followed by lack of implementation which resulted in a persistent sense of mistrust. Discussion of a current state initiative granting specific rights to Kurds reflects many positive aspects, but the author points out the important issues that are notably absent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)