Fear-Avoidance, Pain Acceptance and Adjustment to Chronic Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study on a Sample of 686 Patients with Chronic Spinal Pain

Abstract

Results: Experiential avoidance was associated with pain fear-avoidance, and resilience was strongly associated with pain acceptance. Pain acceptance was negatively associated with negative mood, functional impairment and pain intensity. However, pain fear-avoidance was positively and significantly associated with negative mood but had no association with pain intensity. There was a path from functional impairment to pain fear-avoidance. Background: Prior studies found a range of psychological factors related to the perception of pain, maintenance of pain and disability. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of pain fear-avoidance and pain acceptance in chronic pain adjustment. The influence of two diathesis variables (resilience and experiential avoidance) was also analyzed. Methods: The sample was composed of 686 patients with chronic spinal pain. Structural equation modelling analyses were used to test the hypothetical model. Conclusions: Resilience and experiential avoidance appear as variables which could explain individual differences in pain experience.