BB84 quantum key distribution transmitter utilising broadband sources and a narrow spectral filter

Abstract

The secure nature of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols makes it necessary to ensure that the single photon sources are indistinguishable. Any spectral, temporal or spatial discrepancy between the sources would lead to a breach in the security proofs of the QKD protocols. Traditional, weak-coherent pulse implementations of polarization-based QKD protocols have relied on identical photon sources obtained through tight temperature control and spectral filtering. However, it can be challenging to keep the temperature of the sources stable over time, particularly in a real-world setting, meaning photon sources can become distinguishable. In this work, we present an experimental demonstration of a QKD system capable of achieving spectral indistinguishability, over a 10°C range, using a combination of broadband sources, super-luminescent light emitting diodes (SLEDs), along with a narrow band-pass filter. The temperature stability could be useful in a satellite implementation, where there may be temperature gradients over the payload, particularly on a CubeSat.