Physiological and psychological effects of laughter therapy among paediatric population: a systematized review

Abstract

The aim of this study is to review the physiological and psychological effects of laughter therapy among paediatric population. A systematic database review will be carried according to the modified PRISMA’s statement criteria. To do so, articles that may reflect the chosen topic will be researched. This research will be limited to last decade discoveries in languages such as: Spanish, English, Portuguese and French. Laughter therapy is performed by specialised trained clowns, known as “Clown-Doctors”. It has been recognised in the hospital environment that hospital clowning offers a positive impact to the children’s hospitalisation process. Moreover, studies confirm that the interaction with Clown-Doctors lessens the children’s anxiety. This also contributes to the ensuring higher rates of adherence to medical treatment. Furthermore, it has been widely recognised by health professionals that Clown-Doctors facilitate therapeutic processes and the handling of paediatric patients when diagnostic-therapeutic procedures or parent’s separation occur. Humour, games, music and magic tricks are some of tools used to create a therapeutic relationship with the child. Paediatric hospitalisation should guarantee both physical therapy and the proper care of possible psychological side effects that the process may produce. Nursing staff therefore, must ensure they provide an integral care to the patient having in mind the different caring tools at their disposition. Laughter therapy, as a complementary treatment, ensures a holistic approach in the taking care of the paediatric population. These patients constitute a vulnerable group in hostile environments such as that of hospitals. For this reason, a cohesive multidisciplinary team, in which communication is prioritised, is necessary.