Fire Behavior of a Printed Sample for Building

Abstract

Two tests have been performed at CSTB on test specimens printed in the Civil and Environmental engineering department of IMT Lille Douai. First, Compression and bending tests have been carried out at several temperatures (20 °C, 120 °C, 250 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C) on printed elements, both perpendicularly and alongside the direction of the printed layers. Temperature measurements using a thermal camera, and Digital Image Correlation analysis have been carried out. The test results highlight that the printed material resists to an unloaded fire test without displaying any significant damage during the fire duration. The material exhibited a structural integrity as well as no leakage of the hot gas after 120 min of heating and after cooling. A comparative study of the mechanical strengths and of the thermal curvatures of the printed material according to the orientation of the layers allowed the assessment of the isotropic characteristic of the printed material and the characterization of the behavior of the joints between layers under thermal stress.