Clinical review of febrile seizure and updates

Abstract

Febrile seizure (FS) is one of the most common seizures seen in infant and pre-school age. There are two types of FSs, simple and complex. Simple FS are commonly benign, but complex FS have long-term effects. Most children with FS have normal growth and development after the attack; however, recent evidences suggest that a small group of children presenting fever with seizure may subsequently develop epilepsy or recurrent seizures. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical presentation, electroencephalogram, lumbar puncture, and neuroimaging, which can be applied based on clinical scenario, but not routinely. Treatment is principally acute management of seizure along with address of underlying etiology and intermediate prophylaxis for preventing further attack. Pediatrician should be familiar with the proper diagnosis and management of this condition. This review will highlight an update on the current diagnostic and management issues of FS.