Ocular findings in a patient with oculofaciocardiodental (OFCD) syndrome and a novel BCOR pathogenic variant

Abstract

Purpose: To report a case of OFCD associated with a de novo BCOR pathogenic variant and highlight the ocular findings and possible mechanisms. Methods: A retrospective chart review of the patient’s ocular and systemic findings was performed. The patient underwent diagnostic whole exome sequencing (WES). Results: The patient had a comprehensive eye exam in infancy demonstrating bilateral congenital cataracts consisting of posterior lenticonus with a posterior cortical opacity. She also had blepharoptosis with a hooded appearance and retinal pigment hypertrophy of the inferior retina bilaterally. Systemic findings include atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, congenital clubfoot, syndactyly, tethered cord, and laryngeal cleft. WES identified a de novo heterozygous R1136X pathogenic variant in the BCOR gene. Conclusion: The typical ocular manifestation of OFCD syndrome is congenital cataracts, which can have a significant impact on visual development and so should be considered in patients with multiple medical issues that may fit the diagnosis. A comprehensive eye exam in these patients is thus warranted.