Use of Bronchoscopy in Patients with Pulmonary Infections During Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation

Abstract

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) refers to the delivery of mechanical ventilation with techniques that do not require an invasive endotracheal airway. Compared with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV), invasive mechanical ventilation NIV achieves the same physiological benefits of reduced work of breathing and improved gas exchange. It avoids the complications of intubation and the increased risks of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). It preserves airway defense mechanisms, speech, and swallowing. It may be used at an early stage to avert the need for endotracheal intubation (ETI) in those with respiratory failure and as an alternative to invasive ventilation at an advanced stage of acute respiratory failure (ARF).