Colonization, succession and conservation: the invertebrates of Anak Krakatau, Indonesia, and contrast with Surtsey

Abstract

Surveys of selected terrestrial invertebrates on Anak Krakatau, Indonesia, during the 1980s/1990s exemplify the variety of colonization and successional processes contributing to foundation of new ecological communities. Both aeolian and vegetation-based successions are important, but interpretation is hampered by lack of knowledge of the fauna of species-rich source areas in this tropical environment. Major disturbances from increased visitor numbers contaminate the natural processes, and volcanic activity is an ever-present influence. The monitoring and inventory studies needed to provide a sound basis for ecological management and conservation of this unique island, despite wide acknowledgement of its interest and significance, will be difficult to assure. The scenarios for documenting and conserving terrestrial invertebrates on Anak Krakatau and Surtsey are briefly compared.