Clinical features of moyamoya disease: An overview

Abstract

The two cardinal clinical features of moyamoya disease are ischemic attacks or intracranial hemorrhages. However, the main clinical presentations of moyamoya disease differ substantially between children and adults. Most children with moyamoya disease develop transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or cerebral infarction, whereas about half of the adult patients develop intracranial hemorrhage, and half develop TIA or cerebral infarction, or both [1]. Regarding the ethnic difference, clinical features and the course of moyamoya disease in whites clearly differ from moyamoya disease in Asians in the timing of the onset of vasculopathy and lower rate of hemorrhage [2]. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Tokyo.