Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to lung inflammation

Abstract

Pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAA) and pseudoaneurysms (PAP) are caused by infec-tions, vasculitis, trauma, pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disease, and connec-tive tissue disease. Most cases of such aneurysm occur in the trunk or major branches of the pulmonary artery, while the peripheral type is less common. The treatment modalities are medical therapy, surgery, and percutaneous catheter embolization. The mortality rate associated with rupture is approximately 50%. We encountered a case of a 53-year-old man with a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to pneumonia and cavity formation during chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In diagnosis, contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) scan and pulmonary angiography were very useful. He was treated with right middle and lower lobectomy. After 1-month follow-up, he could restart additional chemotherapy.