Prospects in the application technology and formulation of entomopathogenic nematodes for biological control of insect pests

Abstract

Efficient application of the most suitable entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species and/or population is pivotal to successful biological control strategies. Prior to the release of EPNs, particular attention should therefore be paid to the selection of the appropriate species or population of EPN to optimize their efficacy under given conditions. Additionally, appropriate timing of EPN release and the use of optimal equipment will result in successful biological control programs. Both biotic and abiotic factors influencing EPN success are then to be taken into account when planning to implement EPN pest control programs (also discussed in Chap.9 of this volume). This reviews the latest knowledge and ideas in EPN release methods and the ways of improving their effectiveness in controlling target insect pests. Prospects for integrated approaches are also discussed.