Turning sunlight into fuels: Photocatalysis for energy

Abstract

The solar radiation can be collected and employed in different passive and active technological processes, which include the thermochemical, electrochemical, and photochemical/photobiological routes for production of storable and transportable fuels. Today, the conversion of solar radiation into electric and thermal energy is a reality. Meanwhile, CO2 photocatalytic reduction and the production of solar fuels remain the big challenges for the forthcoming years.