Culture and environment of the end 19thcentury jepara society religious character formers r.a. kartini

Abstract

RA Kartini has always been associated with issues of education and emancipation of women. However, R.A. Kartini's letters to her friends apparently also discussed the cultural conditions and religious environment of the Javanese people at the end of the 19th century. How did the culture and religious environment of the end 19th century Javanese society cause Kartini to be critical of Islam? What is the contribution of R.A. Kartini against the development of Islam in Java? This research data uses the letters R.A. Kartini to her friends who have been summarized in books that have been published. Secondary data used are books and articles with similar themes. Various information relating to the topic of the problem is then analyzed to draw conclusions in accordance with the problems that have been raised. The results showed that R.A. Kartini had several times wanted to convert to a religion because of a foreign language that she could not understand in worship. Kartini wanted an effort to translate the Qur'an, so that she and the Javanese community could understand the teachings of her religion well.