The complete mitochondrial genome of grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Abstract

The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), has been identified. The mtDNA (15,717 bp) of G. molesta encodes 13 putative proteins, two rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs. Analysis of nucleotide composition of the genome indicates high A+T composition (80.74%), which results in biased codon use and richness in specific amino acids of mitochondrial proteins. All protein-coding genes are initiated by ATN codons except for COI, which is initiated presumably by CGA codon. Except tRNA Ser (AGN), the remaining 21 tRNAs form a typical cloverleaf structure. An intergenic space between tRNA Ser (AGN) and ND1 contains a lepidopteran-characteristic sequence (ATACTAA). The control region, rich in A+T, harbors several sequence characteristics shared by lepidopteran species, such as the motif ATAGA followed by 5′â€poly T stretch and 3′â€poly A stretch at just upstream of tRNA Met. The phylogenetic analysis, using whole mtDNAs, showed that G. molesta is clustered with other tortricid species, in which lepidopterans form a monophylogeny on the basis of Papilionoidea. © 2011 Entomological Society of America.