Robust watermarking scheme for colour images using radius-weighted mean based on integer wavelet transform

Abstract

Based on integer wavelet transform (IWT), the author uses the radius-weighted mean (RWM) and proposes a robust color image watermarking scheme. More specifically, by employing the Euclidean distance of the RWM and mean, a watermark (or copyright logo) is effectively embedded into the low-low subband of the IWT domain. Experiments confirm that the marked images generated by the proposed method are robust against manipulations such as JPEG, JPEG2000, color quantization, noise additions, cropping, (edge) sharpening, and so on. In addition, the resultant perceived quality is good and the payload is not bad while our peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is better than existing techniques.