The compliance of healthcare workers with universal precautions in the emergency room at the University Hospital of the West Indies

Abstract

Objectives: The study assessed compliance among health workers in the Emergency Room at the University Hospital of the West Indies with universal precautions. This was done by determining the knowledge, practices and perceptions of staffof universal precautions and by assessing compliance. Reported adherence with universal precautions was compared with observed practice. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a one-year period. It was approved by the University Hospital of the West Indies/University of the West Indies/Faculty of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee. Data were analysed using Stata version 11.1. Results: During the study period, 67 persons gave consent for the study; data were obtained for 62 of these participants and 52 of the respondents were observed. All of the participants were aware that universal precautions related to blood. Eighty-six per cent erroneously thought that universal precautions applied to urine. Seventy-nine per cent of the participants reported always washing their hands after performing a procedure and 43.5% reported always washing their hands before a procedure. Just over half of the participants reported always wearing gloves while doing procedures (56.5%). Only 9% reported always using a gown with a trauma patient. However, 31% and 43.3% reported wearing a gown when placing a chest tube and when anticipating splashes, respectively. Of those participants who reported washing their hands often after a procedure, over 30% did not perform hand-washing when observed. Fifty per cent of persons that reported never recapping needles were observed to recap needles by hand. Conclusion: The study revealed that compliance among staffin the Emergency Room with universal precautions was unsatisfactory. The need for education in this area was recognized.