Autoimmune encephalitis as a complication of COVID-19 infection: a case report

Abstract

During COVID-19 pandemic, a lot of newly discovered symptoms and presentations are emerging. Neurological symptoms of corona virus disease 19 (COVID19) have been reported including central nervous symptoms (CNS), peripheral nervous symptoms (PNS), and skeletal muscular symptoms; however, data are scarce about the exact occurrence of neurological affection during COVID-19 infection. We present a case of a 67-year-old male patient with proven COVID-19 infection who developed acute confusion state, behavioral changes, agitation, and one attack of loss of consciousness 8 days following the infection. Laboratory profile, computed tomography (CT) brain, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis all were normal, and the patients were highly suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis due to COVID-19 infection. The patient received pulse steroid therapy with complete regaining the conscious level. This clinical case emphasizes the possible relationship between COVID-19 infection and autoimmune encephalitis.