The role of inflammation and anti-inflammatory medication in asthma

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving a wide range of cells and mediators. First-line therapy of persistent asthma involves the use of inhaled corticosteroids to control the underlying inflammation of the airways. Inhaled β2-agonists are also widely used in asthma therapy and are the most effective bronchodilators currently available. The short-acting β2-agonists are now used on an as-needed basis for rapid relief of symptoms. In recent years, long-acting inhaled β2-agonists have had an increasing role in the management of asthma, particularly in patients with moderate to severe asthma. This class of drug has a long duration of action and is recommended as add-on treatment to inhaled corticosteroids in the long-term control of asthma. New therapies have been added to asthma therapy as our understanding of the pathogenesis of asthma has increased. The use of multiple therapies necessitates a clear understanding of the mode of action of the drugs and any potential interaction or overlap of effect. For many people asthma is associated with complex therapy; thus treatment developments that simplify asthma treatment are an important step forward in asthma management. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd.