Combined effect of ASPECTS and age on outcome of patients with large core infarction treated with mechanical thrombectomy

Abstract

Background Despite the remarkable effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT), recent randomized controlled trials indicate that up to half of patients with large core infarction have a very poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 5–6 at 90 days). This study investigates the combined effect of Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and age on very poor outcome in patients with large core infarction treated with EVT. Methods This subanalysis of the MAGIC registry, which is a prospective, multicenter cohort study of early treatment in acute stroke, focused on patients with ASPECTS ≤5 presenting within 24 hours of stroke onset and receiving CT followed by EVT from November 1, 2021 to February 8, 2023. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the independent and joint association of ASPECTS and age with very poor outcome. Results Among the 490 patients (57.3% men; median (IQR) age 69 (59–78) years), very poor outcome occurred more frequently in those with lower ASPECTS (65.2% in ASPECTS 0–2 vs 43.4% in ASPECTS 3–5; P<0.001). The predictive value of successful recanalization for very poor outcome was significant in patients with ASPECTS 3–5 (P=0.010), but it diminished in those with ASPECTS 0–2 (P=0.547). Compared with patients with ASPECTS 3–5 and age ≤69 years, the risk of a very poor outcome increased incrementally in those with lower ASPECTS, advanced age, or both (P<0.05). Graphical plot analysis showed a significantly lower probability of very poor outcome in younger patients (≤69 years) compared with older patients (>69 years) across all ASPECTS points. Conclusion These findings suggest prioritizing young patients as candidates for EVT in those with ASPECTS 0–2.